Timothy Hackworth was born on 22 December 1786 in Wylam, Northumberland, he was the eldest of three sons and five daughters. His father was John Hackworth, master blacksmith at Wylam colliery and his mother Elizabeth Sanderson of Newcastle. Hackworth was apprenticed to his father at Wylam, where he later worked for Christopher Blackett and the coal viewer William Hedley and went on to be responsible for engines the ‘Wylam Grasshopper’ and the ‘Wylam Dilly’. Hackworth left Wylam in 1816 because of the Sunday working hours which conflicted with his Methodist beliefs. He moved to Warbottle Colliery where he worked for William Patter as a foreman blacksmith.
Timothy Hackworth and Jane Hackworth (nee Golightly) were married in 1813 at Ovingham Parish Church, both were converted Methodists. They had six daughters and three sons. One son, Thomas died shortly after his birth.
Hackworth then moved to Forth Street Works in Newcastle; a works built to construct engines for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. He managed the works whilst George and Robert Stephenson were away the former surveying Liverpool and Manchester Railway line and the latter working in South America. Apparently around this time Hackworth was offered the job of manager and a share in Forth Street Works but declined this offer. In 1825 he moved to Shildon to take up position of locomotive superintendent, manager and contractor for the Stockton and Darlington Railway Company. During this time he built marine engines, coal stathes at Middlesbrough and doubled the line between Brusselton foot and Stockton. He also designed locomotives for the line including the ‘Royal George’ a high performing locomotive which featured the ‘blast pipe’ an invention that discharged exhaust steam through a converging nozzle blast pipe in the chimney, greatly increasing combustion intensity and steam production. Went on to design more locos including ‘‘Majestic’’ and ‘’Wilberforce’’ type locomotives these were manufactured by Stephenson and co and R & W Hawthorne.
Hackworth entered his locomotive ‘‘Sanspareil’’ into the Rainhill Trials of 1829; a competition initiated by the directors of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company. The Sanspareil was not successful and Robert Stephenson’s ‘‘Rocket’’ won the contest. The Sanspareil was purchased by the directors for £500 went on to run successfully on the Bolton and Leigh Railway until 1844. It has been suggested that a cylinder of the Sanspareil had been sabotaged by in the Forth Street, thus resulting in Hackworth losing the trail, however this view has generally been dismissed by historians.
In 1833 Hackworth ceased to be a salaried employee and instead contracted work to the Stockton and Darlington Railway Company and also did work on a private basis. By this time his role had evolved from superintendent of locomotives to also managing the workshops, tools and machinery. Private contracts that he carried out during this time including manufacturing an engine for the Russian government in 1836, which John Wesley Hackworth couriered to Russia and manufacturing locomotives for the Albion Coal Mining Company in Nova Scotia, order by John Buddle in 1838.
In 1840 Hackworth gave up his contract with the Stockton and Darlington Railway concentrated on his own works in Soho works in Shildon. He took over the works from his brother Thomas Hackworth who had run Hackworth and Downing from the premises. Timothy fulfilled contracts for the Clarence Railway and various collieries and also built stationary marine and industrial engines. In 1846 began to build engines for the London and Brighton Railway when John Gray was Locomotive superintendent. Gray designed a class of express passenger locomotives and the whole of this class (12 engines) was built by Timothy Hackworth at Soho 1846-1848. In 1849 Hackworth built Sanspareil no. 1, he had difficulty selling this locomotive and it remained unsold by the time of his death of typhus on 7 July 1850 at Soho Works, Shildon after an outbreak in the area.
His sons and other relatives went on to be engineers. His eldest son, John Wesley Hackworth did a lot of work to promote his fathers memory after he died. His daughters, friends, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and ancestors to this day have worked to try and gain him a prominent place in railway history. Notably his grandson Robert Young wrote Timothy Hackworth and the Locomotive (London: Locomotive Publishing Company, 1923) in a bid to preserve and promote his memory.
Date
9 May 1827
Scope and ContentLetter to Thomas Storey and Timothy Hackforth [sic] 'Please/Pleuse? to give the Gentlemen the wearers/bearers? Of this any information they may wish.
The second son of Edward and Rachel Pease, Joseph Pease was a Quaker railway company promoter and industrialist, was born at Darlington on 22 June 1799. Educated at Tatham's academy, Leeds, and Josiah Forster's academy, London, he subsequently aided his father in the projection of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, in 1819 and 1820 by preparing the company's first prospectus. He emerged as an influential voice in the management of the railway in 1828, when he took the lead in projecting an extension of the line from Stockton to the hamlet of Middlesbrough further down the Tees estuary. The effect of this development was twofold: first, to undermine the dominance of Tyne and Wear exporters in the London coastal market for coal; and, second, to lay the foundations for the emergence of Teesside as an outstanding centre for the production of iron. The latter was facilitated by Pease's in numerous railway projections in the north-east of England, all of them designed to open up the heavy mineral wealth of the region.
After the passing of the Reform Bill in 1832, Joseph Pease was elected MP for South Durham, and retained the seat until his retirement in 1841. He was the first Quaker member to sit in the House of Commons, and on presenting himself on 8 February 1833 he refused to take the usual oath. A select committee was appointed to inquire into precedents, and on 14 February he was allowed to affirm (Hansard 3, 15, 1833, 387, 639). As a ‘worldly’ Quaker, Joseph Pease was a frequent speaker on matters of social and political reform, always avoiding the use of titles when addressing the house, and retaining his Quaker dress.
Joseph Pease married, on 20 March 1826, Emma (d. 1860), daughter of Joseph Gurney of Norwich, and their surviving children comprised five sons and four daughters.
In addition to commercial and industrial issues, Joseph Pease devoted himself to philanthropic and educational work, aiding Joseph Lancaster, and acting as president of the Peace Society from 1860. Before 1865 he became totally blind, but, with the aid of his secretary, republished and distributed many Friends' books; and in 1870 he had the Essays on the Principles of Morality of Jonathan Dymond translated into Spanish, for which service the government of Spain conferred on him (2 January 1872) the grand cross of Charles III.
Joseph Pease died on 8 February 1872 at his Darlington home, Southend, from heart disease. He was buried in the Quaker burial-ground in Darlington on 10 February. At the time of his death Pease's industrial concerns employed nearly ten thousand men in collieries, quarries, and ironstone mines. In addition he owned and directed woollen manufactories and was a leading shareholder in Robert Stephenson & Co., of Newcastle upon Tyne, numerous Teesside ironmaking concerns, and in the Middlesbrough estate.
