The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is an American 501(c)(3) professional association for electronics engineering, electrical engineering and related disciplines. The IEEE traces its founding to 1884 and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. In 1912, the rival Institute of Radio Engineers was formed. Although the AIEE was initially larger, the IRE attracted more students and was larger by the mid-1950s. The AIEE and IRE merged in 1963. The IEEE has its headquarters in New York City but most of its business is done at the IEEE Operations Centre in Piscataway, New Jersey, opened in 1975. As of 2023, IEEE has over 460,000 members in 190 countries, with more than 66 percent from outside the United States. IEEE publishes approximately 200 peer-reviewed journals and magazines. It publishes more than 1,700 conference proceedings every year. The published content in these journals as well as the content from several hundred annual conferences sponsored by the IEEE are available in the IEEE Electronic Library (IEL). In addition to journals and conference proceedings, the IEEE also publishes tutorials and standards that are produced by its standardisation committees.