Formed in 1848 as the Belfast and Ballymena Railway. The railway became known as the Belfast and Northern Counties Railway (BNCR) in 1860. In 1903, it amalgamated with the Midland Railway, administered by the Northern Counties Committee.

In 1861 Sir Edward Lumb, a British entrepreneur, requested a concession from the Legislature of the Province of Buenos Aires to build a railway line from Constitucion to Chascomus, 120km away from Buenos Aires, which was granted on June 12th 1862 by President Bartolome Mitre. In 1863, with the support of London shareholders Thomas Duguid, the Fair family, British consul Frank Parish (later Southern’s chairman), and bankers Baring and David Robertson, Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway Ltd. was established. The first general manager of the company was Edward Banfield, the Buenos Aires suburban station of Banfield was named after him when it opened in 1873. Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway had its company headquarters in London, and operated workshops and rolling stock depots in Barracas. The main stations of the Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway are Constitucion, Barracas al Sud, Jeppener, Chascomus, Barracas al Norte, Las Flores, Azul, Dolores and Banfield. In 1877 Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway built a new warehouse in Constitucion station for freight trains and a freight station at Sola in Buenos Aires where repair shops operated for 15 years. By 1884 Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway was the largest in Argentina, with 1,025km of track. In 1901 new workshops were built at Remedios de Escalada, 11km from Constitucion station, being the largest workshop in South America, employing 2700. In 1925, the company took over Bahia Blanca and North Western Railway from Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway Company. By 1930 Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway Company had 8000 km of track, 504 stations, 857 locomotives, 955 carriages, 16,602 coaches and 30,000 employees. The company continued to function until 1948, when President Juan Peron nationalised the Argentine Railway, creating six state owned railway networks. Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway was incorporated into the Ferrocarril General Roca network.

British owned railway operating in Argentina, opening in 1874. The company merged with the Central Argentine Railway in 1902.

Railway in Brazil, opened on 14 July 1884. The railway, also known as the Rio Verde Railway, was British owned and constructed, running from Cruzeiro to as far as Três Corações do Rio Verde. The line played an important role in the growth of Brazil's coffee economy. It was taken over by the Federal Government in 1901.

Portuguese railway company, known to have been active in 1889

Tasmanian Government Railways (TGR) was formed in 1872 after it began to take over failing privately owned railway lines with its headquarters in Launceton, Tasmania. TGR owned lines ranging from Deloraine, the North West Coast, Hobart and Launceton to Antill Ponds and Turnbridge. In 1978 TGR was amalgamated with the Commonwealth Railways, South Australian Railways to form the new Australian National Railways Commission, operating as Tasrail.

Railway in Tasmania, founded in 1897 as the Emu Bay to Mount Bischoff Railway Company. It was integrated into TasRail in 1998.

The Sanyō Railway was established in 1887, headquartered in Kobe. It opened in 1888 and by 1894 had been extended to Hiroshima. The railway was one of the most progressive and innovative in Japan in its day, introducing the first sleeping cars, dining cars, and electric lighting on its trains.

South Australian Railways (SAR) was the statutory corporation through which the Government of South Australia built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854. In March 1978, the non-urban railways were incorporated into Australian National, and the Adelaide urban lines were transferred to the State Transport Authority.

The Midland Uruguay Railway Co., Ltd. was registered In London In 1887. It opened in 1889 between Paso de los Toros and Salto.

The Algeciras Gibraltar Railway Company was formed by British businessmen to build the Algeciras-Bobadilla railway line between Algeciras and Bobadilla, Antequera. The railway was built for the benefit of British officers stationed in Gibraltar wanting to travel to Spain and the rest of Europe.

Railway line running from Cockburn on the South Australian state border to Broken Hill in New South Wales, operating between 1888 and 1970.

The Transandine Railway operated from Mendoza in Argentina, across the Andes mountain range to Santa Rosa de Los Andes in Chile, a distance of 248 km. Concession was granted by the Chilean Government in 1874, but construction did not begin until 1887 due to the financial problems of the construction company, Ferrocarril Trasandino Clark. The first section opened in 1891 between Mendoza and Uspallata, and the entire line opened to traffic in 1910. By this time, the company had been taken over by the British owned Argentine Transandine Railway Company. The railway has been out of service since 1984.

The New South Wales Government Railways (NSWGR) were operated by the New South Wales Government from 1855 who administered all the railway lines in the New South Wales area from headquarters in Sydney. The lines ranged from Brisbane (Queensland) and Broken Hill (South Australian Frontier) to Albury (Victorian Frontier). Between 1855 and 1932 the operation of NSWGR changed many times, altering between a Chief Commissioner with sole authority and groups of commissioners who shared responsibility. After the 1932 amendment of the Railways Act by the Transport (Division of Factions) Act, NSWGR was replaced by the Department of Railways New South Wales.