- Joshua Heap & Co LtdBiographyBiography
Joshua Heap & Co Ltd was a machine-tool manufacturing company based in Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester. The firm specialised in threading machines.
- Churchill Machine Tool Co. Ltd.BiographyBiography
The Churchill Machine Tool Company was established, intially under the name Charles Churchill and Co. in Salford, before moving to Pendleton and eventually to Broadheath, Altrincham. The company number was 00563431.
The Churchill Machine Tool Co was incorporated in 1906 by Charles Churchill of the Charles Churchill Company. By June of that year there were nearly 200 machine tools under construction at the factory and in 1907 the company already needed to enlarge its factory.
In 1918 the company acquired land at Broadheath in Altrincham, and by 1920 the firm had moved all production to the new location.
By 1961 Churchill was specialising in the manufacture of precision grinding machines. By this time the company employed 1,200 people. In the same year the company was bought by BSA and became known as BSA-Churchill Machine Tools Ltd. The business merged in 1966 with Alfred Herbert, and by 1967 had reverted to its previous name.
The firm finally wound down in the early 1970s. The factory at Broadheath closed in 1972 and the business entered liquidation in 1973. A company using The Churchill Machine Tool Co name remains active as of 2020, but Charles Churchill & Co no longer exists.
- Kendall & Gent LimitedBiographyBiography
William Kendall, a draughtsman, and George Gent, a fitter, formed a business in 1847 to manufacture gas burners. Their factory was originally located in in premises adjacent to the recently completed London Road Station, Manchester.
The company prospered and soon branched out into other areas of manufacturing. An 1857 trade directory refers to the company as manufacturers of engineering tools, including drills, cutters and lathe tools. To accommodate the expanding business, the company opened a new factory in 1863 at Victoria Works, Springfield Lane, Salford. The company specialised in machine tool manufacture. George Gent died in 1873 but the business continued under the Kendall & Gent name.
Further expansion of the business led to Kendall & Gent building a second new works on a site in Gorton, Manchester. The new works, also named Victoria Works, opened in 1897.
The company continued to expand on the Gorton site, especially during the First World War when demand for machine tools increased dramatically. Kendall & Gent were one of the founder members of the Associated British Machine Tool Makers, established in 1917.
The company underwent a reorganisation in 1920 and became a public limited company under F.C. Mosley, who became Chairman and Managing Director of the new company. The company underwent further expansion and new bays were added to the existing buildings between 1938 and 1956.
In 1959 the shareholders of the company were approached by W. E. Sykes Limited to either sell to or swap the shares they owned for W. E. Sykes Ltd non-voting shares, as Sykes wanted to gain a controlling interest in Kendall & Gent. They were successful, and Kendall & Gent became an associated company of W. E. Sykes Limited in the same year.
In 1966 Staveley Industries acquired Kendall & Gent. In 1966 Staveley Industries acquired Kendall & Gent.
- Sir James Farmer Norton & Co LtdBiographyBiography
The company was established in 1852 under the name James Farmer and Sons as a manufacturer and erector of equipment for the textile industry. James Farmer was an engineer.
In 1895 the business became a limited company, adopting the name Sir James Farmer Norton & Co Ltd.
By 1961 the firm was described as manufacturing textile bleaching, dyeing and finishing machinery; bar and tube machinery; wire drawing machinery and rolling mills. It had 680 employees.
The company was bought out by Parex Engineering Ltd in 1997, and then by A.G. Shepherd (Machinery) Ltd in 2002.
- Cunliffe & Croom LtdBiographyBiography
Cunliffe and Croom of Manchester were machine tool makers. Although the business was advertised as being located in Manchester, they were actually located in Salford, at Broughton Iron Works on Edward Street, Broughton. They were makers of lathes, boring machines, milling machines, planing machines, and shaping machines.
By 1953 the company is known to have been a wholly-owned subsidiary of James Archdale and Co Ltd. In that year, the business was acquired by Staveley Coal and Iron Co as part of its acquisition of James Archdale and Co Ltd.
- William Muir and CoBiographyBiography
Engineers and machinists, established in 1842 when William Muir left Whitworths and set up his own workshop in Berwick Street, Manchester, later moving to Oxford Street in 1847 and then to Miller's Lane, Salford.
The company was renamed Muir Machine Tools in 1937 and was acquired by David Brown and Sons in 1944.
- Joseph StubbsBiographyBiography
Textile machinery company based in Manchester, founded in 1870.
- John Hetherington & Sons LtdBiographyBiography
John Hetherington established a machine tool manufacturing company in 1836. The company was originally located in Pollard Street, Ancoats, Manchester, rapidly expanding to occupy other premises in the area. The original Pollard Street works eventually became known as the Ancoats Works. The company also had a factory at the Hope Mills on Pollard Street. Its Vulcan Works opened in 1856, also on Pollard Street, and was the company headquarters until 1939, when operations moved to the Union Iron Works in Gorton, Manchester.
Hetherington had originally been in partnership with William Fairbairn, as John Hetherington & Co, Machine Makers, but this partnership was dissolved in 1844 and Hetherington became a sole proprietor.
Hetherington’s sons joined him in business from 1854, and the company became known as John Hetherington & Sons, makers of machine tools and textile machines.
In 1851, the company employed 200 men. By 1861, the workforce had increased to 490 men, 250 boys and 46 girls. The company at this point manufactured machinery for cleaning, preparing, combing, and spinning cotton, including carding engines, drawing frames, slubbing frames, roving frames, and self-acting mules. It also continued to manufacture machine tools including self-acting slide and screw-cutting lathe, drilling and boring machines. By 1871, the workforce had expanded to 900 people.
By 1880, the Vulcan Works was the location for cotton machinery manufacture. The machine tool operation was separated out into a branch of the main company, known as Hetherington & Co, located at the Ancoats Works.
John Hetherington & Sons was incorporated as a limited company in 1890. Within a few years, it began to acquire other businesses, including Curtis, Sons & Co, which brought the Phoenix Works into the company, occupied under lease.
The company now occupied a large portion of the Ancoats manufacturing district, making it a centrally located manufacturer in the city.
In 1914, the company described itself as textile machinists and engineers' heavy machine tool makers, employing 4,200 people.
Further expansion came in 1929 with the acquisition of Smith and Coventry Ltd, machine tool manufacturers of Salford and later Timperley.
In 1931, in an attempt to counter the downturn in the textile industry, John Hetherington & Sons Ltd merged with six other companies to form Textile Machinery Makers Ltd. Each of the individual companies continued to trade under their own names until 1970, when they were consolidated into Platt UK Ltd.
- B & S Massey LtdBiographyBiography
Brothers Benjamin and Stephen Massey formed their steam hammer manufacturing company in Openshaw, Manchester in 1860. The brothers had worked as apprentices in different companies prior to setting up in partnership. With the help of their father, they acquired land at Openshaw where the Openshaw Canal Iron Works opened in 1861. From the outset of the company, the brothers wanted to manufacture steam hammers based on James Nasmyth’s patented design of 1842 and B & S Massey Ltd delivered its first 15cwt hand-controlled steam hammer in 1862. Over the next ten years, custom for the company’s steam hammers grew across Britain and Europe.
Benjamin Massey died in 1879 and Stephen Massey continued to run the business on his own. Benjamin Massey’s sons Leonard and Harold joined the company after their father’s death.
In 1912, an incorporated company replaced the original partnership. Leonard and Harold Massey were the first directors of the new company. In 1929, Leonard’s son Keppel Fletcher Massey joined the company.
During the 1930s, B & S Massey Ltd acquired a controlling interest in Joseph Berry Limited, the foundry that had previously supplied the large iron castings used in the construction of B & S Massey Ltd’s large steam hammers.
The company fulfilled Government contracts for aircraft propeller blades and crank cases during the Second World War. The company temporarily took over the neighbouring works of the Victoria Chemical Company and Lees & Son in order to increase capacity and speed up production. Other engineering companies continued to place orders for forging machinery from B & S Massey, leading to the company sending supervisory staff to other foundries and engineering companies to enable manufacture of steam hammers under licence.
Both Leonard and Harold Massey died in 1943, leading to a restructuring of the company’s Board of Directors. Harold Massey’s daughter Katherine Harris joined the Board of Directors in 1944.
In the period immediately following the end of the Second World War, the company undertook a financial restructure, becoming a public limited company. This brought fresh capital into the company. An issue of shares in 1948 allowed for the rebuilding and enlargement of the works and the replacement of old plant. As part of the financial restructure, B & S Massey Ltd acquired the share capital of Brett Patent Lifter Company Limited of Coventry.
In 1960, B & S Massey purchased the former works of George Saxon of Openshaw, allowing the company to further expand production. In the same period, it also acquired the share capital of Grosvenor Sheet Metal Company Limited who had been the principle supplier of fabricated steel structures which B & S Massey used in manufacturing steam hammers.
In response to increasing competition from engineering companies in other countries, B & S Massey Ltd licensed the manufacture of Massey products to companies such as the New Standard Engineering Company Limited, Mumbai (Bombay), and Sociedad Metalurgical Duro Felguera of Oveido, Spain.
In June 1960, Christopher N. Massey, the great grandson of one of the founders, joined B & S Massey Ltd as an assistant to the chief service engineer. The company changed name the following year to B & S Massey & Sons Ltd, operating as manufacturers of pneumatic and steam hammers, drop stamps, forging presses, screw presses, furnaces and tyre fixing rolls for railway locomotives and wagons.
In 1975, Head, Wrightson & Company Limited took a controlling interest in B & S Massey & Sons Ltd. Head, Wrightson & Company Limited closed in 1987, by which time it was part of the Davy Corporation.
An engineering firm with the company name B & S Massey Limited was incorporated in December 1961 for the general manufacture of machinery and is still in existence in Ashton-under-Lyne.
- Brooks & Doxey LtdBiographyBiography
Cotton machinery manufacturer, Manchester, based at Union Iron Works, West Gorton, Manchester, and Junction Iron Works, Newton Heath, Manchester. The firm was founded by Samuel Brooks in 1859 and became Brooks and Doxey in 1892 when R.A. Doxey joined as partner. In 1931, Brooks and Doxey sold their textile machinery making assets to Textile Machinery Makers (TMM) in return for shares. The individual units continued to trade under their own names until the 1970s, when they were rationalised into one company called Platt UK Ltd.
- J. W. Jackman & Company LimitedBiographyBiography
Manufacturer of foundry equipment and supplies, it also acted as an agent for a small number of American foundry equipment suppliers.